Changing history for collaborators can be problematic in a few ways. Imagine - You and another collaborator have the same repository, with the same history. But, they make a change that deletes the most recent commit.
They continue new commits from the commit directly before that. Meanwhile, you keep working with the commit that the collaborator tried to delete. When they push, they'll have to 'force push', which should show to them that they're changing history. What do you think will happen when you try to push? In dramatic cases, Git may decide that the histories are too different and the projects are no longer related. This is uncommon, but a big problem.
The most common result is that your git push would return the "deleted" commit to shared history. First, you would git pull if you were working on the same branch, and then merge, but the results would be the same. This means that whatever was so important to delete is now back in the repository. A password, token, or large binary file may return without ever alerting you. Instead of deleting existing commits, git revert looks at the changes introduced in a specific commit, then applies the inverse of those changes in a new commit.
It functions as an "undo commit" command, without sacrificing the integrity of your repository's history. Sometimes, a commit includes sensitive information and needs to actually be deleted. However, the time-limiting options such as --since and --until are very useful. For example, this command gets the list of commits made in the last two weeks:.
You can also filter the list to commits that match some search criteria. The --author option allows you to filter on a specific author, and the --grep option lets you search for keywords in the commit messages. You can specify more than one instance of both the --author and --grep search criteria, which will limit the commit output to commits that match any of the --author patterns and any of the --grep patterns; however, adding the --all-match option further limits the output to just those commits that match all --grep patterns.
For instance, if you wanted to find the last commit that added or removed a reference to a specific function, you could call:. The last really useful option to pass to git log as a filter is a path. If you specify a directory or file name, you can limit the log output to commits that introduced a change to those files. This is always the last option and is generally preceded by double dashes -- to separate the paths from the options:.
For example, if you want to see which commits modifying test files in the Git source code history were committed by Junio Hamano in the month of October and are not merge commits, you can run something like this:. Of the nearly 40, commits in the Git source code history, this command shows the 6 that match those criteria. To prevent the display of merge commits cluttering up your log history, simply add the log option --no-merges. Getting Started 1. Git Basics 2. A mother of two who feared she would not live to see her children grow up because she was so heavy has lost more than half her body weight in just ten months.
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